myps-20230331

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-39652

PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						88-1802794
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

10150 Covington Cross Drive

Las Vegas, NV 89144

(725) 877-7000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A common stock

MYPS

Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Redeemable warrants exercisable for one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share

MYPSW

Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 30, 2023, there were 115,620,666 shares of Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 16,457,769 shares of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, outstanding.

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Table of Contents


			Page
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements			3
Part I - Financial Information			5
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)			5
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022			5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022			6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022			7
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022			8
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022			9
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			10
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			24
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			32
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			33
Part II - Other Information			34
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			34
Item 1A. Risk Factors			34
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			35
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			36
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			36
Item 5. Other Information			36
Item 6. Exhibits			36
Signatures			37

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. All statements, other than statements of present or historical fact included in this Quarterly Report, about our future financial performance, strategy, expansion plans, future operations, future operating results, estimated revenues, losses, projected costs, prospects, plans and objectives of management are forward-looking statements. Any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” “estimate,” “continue,” “goal,” “project” or the negative of such terms or other similar expressions.

Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:

•our business strategy and market opportunity;

•our future financial performance, including our expectations regarding our revenue, cost of revenue, gross profit, or gross margin, operating expenses (including changes in sales and marketing, research and development, and general and administrative expenses), and profitability;

•market acceptance of our games;

•our ability to raise financing in the future and the global credit and financial markets;

•factors relating to our business, operations, financial performance, and our subsidiaries, including:

◦changes in the competitive and regulated industries in which we operate, variations in operating performance across competitors, and changes in laws and regulations affecting our business;

◦our ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and other expectations, and identify and realize additional opportunities; and

◦general economic conditions and their impact on levels of spending by players, our awards partners, and our advertisers, including risks of inflation and recession and other macroeconomic conditions.

•our ability to maintain relationships with our platforms, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and Facebook;

•the accounting for our outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock;

•our ability to develop, maintain, and improve our internal control over financial reporting;

•our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our intellectual property rights;

•our ability to successfully defend litigation brought against us;

•our ability to successfully close and integrate acquisitions to contribute to our growth objectives;

•our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors; and

•the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (including existing and possible future variants as well as vaccinations) on our business.

These forward-looking statements are based on our current plans, estimates and projections in light of information currently available to us, and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us, including those described under the heading “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in other filings that we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) from time to time, that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. In addition, the risks described under the heading “Risk Factors” are not exhaustive. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible to predict all such risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any risk factor or

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combination of risk factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are also not guarantees of performance. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, we disclaim any duty to update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

We intend to announce material information to the public through our Investor Relations website, ir.playstudios.com, SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and public webcasts. We use these channels, as well as social media, to communicate with our investors, customers, and the public about our company, our offerings, and other issues. It is possible that the information we post on our website or social media could be deemed to be material information. As such, we encourage investors, the media, and others to follow the channels listed above, including our website and the social media channels listed on our Investor Relations website, and to review the information disclosed through such channels. Any updates to the list of disclosure channels through which we will announce information will be posted on the investor relations page on our website.

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PART I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

PLAYSTUDIOS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(unaudited, in thousands, except par value amounts)


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	127,484	$	134,000
Receivables	33,353		27,016
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	12,238		14,963
Total current assets	173,075		175,979
Property and equipment, net	17,345		17,532
Operating lease right-of-use assets	14,395		15,562
Intangibles assets and internal-use software, net	78,818		77,231
Goodwill	47,133		47,133
Deferred income taxes	16,208		13,969
Other long-term assets	4,658		4,603
Total non-current assets	178,557		176,030
Total assets	$	351,632	$	352,009

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,412		4,425
Warrant liabilities	4,740		3,682
Operating lease liabilities, current	4,506		4,571
Accrued liabilities	22,941		21,473
Total current liabilities	35,599		34,151
Minimum guarantee liability	1,500		1,500

Operating lease liabilities, non-current	10,574		11,660
Other long-term liabilities	2,240		2,385
Total non-current liabilities	14,314		15,545
Total liabilities	$	49,913	$	49,696
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value (100,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022)	—		—
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value (2,000,000 shares authorized, 118,867 and 116,756 shares issued, and 116,447 and 115,635 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)	11		11
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value (25,000 shares authorized, 16,457 and 16,457 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively).	2		2
Additional paid-in capital	297,662		290,337
Retained earnings	14,186		16,756
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(94)		(151)
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,420 and 1,166 shares at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	(10,048)		(4,642)
Total stockholders’ equity	301,719		302,313
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	351,632	$	352,009

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLAYSTUDIOS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(unaudited, in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net revenue	$	80,123	$	70,451
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue(1)	19,527		21,033
Selling and marketing	18,066		20,540
Research and development	17,755		16,981
General and administrative	11,901		9,691
Depreciation and amortization	11,033		8,394
Restructuring and related	4,048		8,655
Total operating costs and expenses	82,330		85,294
Loss from operations	(2,207)		(14,843)
Other (expense) income, net:
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(1,058)		(2,716)
Interest income (expense), net	895		(5)
Other income, net	60		187
Total other expense, net	(103)		(2,534)
Loss before income taxes	(2,310)		(17,377)
Income tax expense	(260)		(7,835)
Net loss	$	(2,570)	$	(25,212)

Net loss per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders:
Basic	$	(0.02)	$	(0.20)
Diluted	$	(0.02)	$	(0.20)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	132,131		126,337
Diluted	132,131		126,337

(1)Amounts exclude depreciation and amortization.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLAYSTUDIOS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(unaudited, in thousands)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net loss	$	(2,570)	$	(25,212)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment(1)	57		(6)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	57		(6)
Comprehensive loss	$	(2,513)	$	(25,218)

(1)These amounts are presented gross of the effect of income taxes. The total change in foreign currency translation adjustment and the corresponding effect of income taxes are immaterial.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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PLAYSTUDIOS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(unaudited, in thousands)


	Class A Common Stock			Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Total Stockholders' Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount						Retained Earnings
Balance as of December 31, 2021	110,066	$	11	16,130	$	2	$	268,522	$	393	$	34,539	$	303,467
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		—		(25,212)		(25,212)
Exercise of stock options	113	—		—	—		130		—		—		130
Issuance of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units	160	—		—	—		—		—		—		—
Stock-based compensation	—	—		—	—		7,969		—		—		7,969
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—	—		—		(6)		—		(6)
Balance as of March 31, 2022	110,339	$	11	16,130	$	2	$	276,621	$	387	$	9,327	$	286,348


	Class A Common Stock	Class B Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Total Stockholders' Equity
		Shares	Amount					Shares			Amount					Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock
Balance as of December 31, 2022		115,635	$	11	16,457	$	2		$	290,337		$	(151)	$	16,756		(4,642)		302,313
Net loss		—	—		—	—			—			—		(2,570)			—		(2,570)
Exercise of stock options		1,585	—		—	—			1,916			—		—			—		1,916
Issuance of shares upon vesting of restricted stock units		481	—		—	—			—			—		—			—		—
Stock-based compensation		—	—		—	—			5,409			—		—			—		5,409
Repurchase of common stock		(1,254)	—		—	—			—			—		—			(5,406)		(5,406)
Other comprehensive loss		—	—		—	—			—			57		—			—		57
Balance as of March 31, 2023		116,447	$	11	16,457	$	2		$	297,662		$	(94)	$	14,186		(10,048)		$	301,719

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PLAYSTUDIOS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(unaudited, in thousands)


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(2,570)	$	(25,212)
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization	11,033		8,394
Amortization of loan costs	38		34
Stock-based compensation expense	4,853		6,868
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	1,058		2,716
Change in fair value of contingent consideration	53		—
Asset impairments	—		8,353
Deferred income tax expense	(2,228)		7,945
Other	(179)		(203)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Receivables	(6,861)		(203)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	201		871
Income tax receivable	2,128		366
Accounts payable & accrued liabilities	(3,492)		1,926
Other	469		(270)
Net cash provided by operating activities	4,503		11,585
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment	(1,849)		(1,936)
Additions to internal-use software	(5,937)		(5,519)
Other	168		2,348
Net cash used in investing activities	(7,618)		(5,107)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from stock option exercises	1,916		130

Repurchases of treasury stock	(5,406)		—
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(3,490)		130

Foreign currency translation	89		(145)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(6,516)		6,463
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	134,000		213,502
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	127,484	$	219,965

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
Interest paid	$	41	$	35
Income taxes paid, net of refunds	414		244
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Capitalization of stock-based compensation	$	556	$	1,101
Increase in property and equipment included in accounts payable and other long-term liabilities	—		656
Additions to intangible assets related to licensing agreements	4,617		—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited, in thousands, unless otherwise noted)

NOTE 1—BACKGROUND AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Organization and Description of Business

On June 21, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Acies Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (prior to the Closing Date, “Acies”), consummated the previously announced business combination (“Acies Merger”) with PlayStudios, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Old PLAYSTUDIOS”) pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of February 1, 2021 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Acies, Catalyst Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Acies, Catalyst Merger Sub II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Acies, and Old PLAYSTUDIOS.

PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc., formerly known as Acies Acquisition Corp. (the "Company” or "PLAYSTUDIOS"), was incorporated on August 14, 2020 as a Cayman Islands exempted company, and domesticated into a Delaware corporation on June 21, 2021. The Company's legal name became PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. following the closing of the Acies Merger.

The Company develops and operates online and mobile social gaming applications (“games” or “game”) each of which incorporate a unique loyalty program offering “real world” rewards provided by a collection of rewards partners. The Company’s games are free-to-play and available via the Apple App Store, Google Play Store, Amazon Appstore, and Facebook (collectively, “platforms” or “platform operators”). The Company creates games based on its own original content as well as third-party licensed brands. The Company generates revenue through the in-game sale of virtual currency and through advertising.

Unless the context indicates otherwise, all references herein to “PLAYSTUDIOS,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” are used to refer collectively to PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Certain reclassifications in these financial statements have been made to comply with US GAAP applicable to public companies and SEC Regulation S-X.

The significant accounting policies referenced in the annual consolidated financial statements of the Company as of December 31, 2022 have been applied consistently in these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position as of March 31, 2023, and its results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022. The Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements. The Company made certain reclassifications to the comparative balances in the condensed consolidated financial statements to conform with current year presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. Significant estimates and assumptions reflected in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements include the estimated consumption rate of virtual goods that is used in the determination of revenue recognition, useful lives of property and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, the expensing and capitalization of research and development costs for internal-use software, assumptions used in accounting for income taxes, stock-based compensation and the evaluation of goodwill and long-lived assets for impairment. The Company believes the accounting estimates are appropriate and reasonably determined. Due to the inherent uncertainties in making these estimates, actual amounts could differ materially.

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Emerging Growth Company

At March 31, 2023, the Company qualified as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and the Company has taken and may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has opted to take advantage of such extended transition period available to emerging growth companies which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. The Company did not lose its emerging growth company status on December 31, 2022. As a result, the Company does not expect to adopt any accounting pronouncements currently deferred based on private company standards until a year subsequent to 2022. The Company will reevaluate its eligibility to retain emerging growth company status at the end of its second quarter of 2023, and otherwise as required.

NOTE 2—SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

For a discussion of our significant accounting policies and estimates, please refer to our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 10, 2023.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

The Company’s management has evaluated all of the recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards-setting bodies through the filing date of these financial statements and does not believe the future adoption of any such pronouncements will have a material effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326). The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current guidance with a current expected credit loss model (“CECL”) that incorporates a broader range of reasonable and supportable information including the forward-looking information. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2023. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 3—BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

WonderBlocks Acquisition

On August 2, 2022, playBLOCKS, Inc., a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ("playBLOCKS") entered into an agreement with WonderBlocks Labs, Inc. (“WonderBlocks"), which provides tools for the development of a play-to-earn loyalty platform for digital entertainment on the Ethereum blockchain, pursuant to which playBLOCKS acquired substantially all of the assets of WonderBlocks. playBLOCKS paid WonderBlocks $2.0 million less Indebtedness (borrowed money and accrued interest, including debt to the Company) at closing and agreed to pay between zero and $3 million subject to the satisfaction of certain product and financial milestones. We believe this acquisition will allow us to enhance our playAWARDS model with new Web3 features and capabilities.

The Company recorded the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred in the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of favorable future growth opportunities and anticipated synergies through the scale of our operations. The Company expects that none of the goodwill will be deductible for federal income tax purposes. The following table summarizes the consideration paid for WonderBlocks and the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized at the acquisition date:

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Consideration:	August 2, 2022
Cash consideration	$	945
Note receivable plus accrued interest conversion	1,055
Contingent consideration	1,564
Total consideration transferred	$	3,564

Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Developed technology (weighted-average useful life of 5 years)	2,403
Liabilities assumed	(15)
Total identifiable net assets	$	2,388

Goodwill	$	1,176

Brainium Studios Acquisition

On October 7, 2022, PLAYSTUDIOS US, LLC, a direct wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company entered into a membership interest purchase agreement to acquire all of the issued and outstanding membership interests in Brainium Studios LLC (“Brainium"), a mobile game publisher. The closing of the acquisition occurred on October 12, 2022, and Brainium became an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The purchase price for the membership interests was $70.0 million at closing, as adjusted for cash, indebtedness, and working capital.

The Company recorded the excess of the fair value of the consideration transferred in the acquisition over the fair value of net assets acquired as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of favorable future growth opportunities and anticipated synergies through the scale of our operations. The Company expects that substantially all of the goodwill will be deductible for federal income tax purposes. The following table summarizes the consideration paid for Brainium and the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized at the acquisition date:


Consideration:	October 12, 2022
Cash consideration	$	73,457
Contingent consideration	1,797
Total consideration transferred	$	75,254

Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,738
Accounts receivable	3,190
Property and equipment	4,042
Operating lease assets	4,195
Trade names (weighted-average useful life of 10 years)	1,500
Developed technology (weighted-average useful life of 5 years)	12,600
Customer relationships (weighted-average useful life of 5 years)	12,000
Other assets	740
Liabilities assumed	(7,649)
Total identifiable net assets	$	34,356

Goodwill	$	40,898

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NOTE 4—RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The following table is a summary of balance sheet assets and liabilities from related parties:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Financial Statement Line Item
Marketing Agreement	$	1,000	$	1,000	Intangibles, net

The Company did not have any net revenue recognized from related parties during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

The Company’s expenses recognized from related parties were immaterial during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

MGM Resorts International (“MGM”)

MGM is a stockholder and MGM's Chief Commercial Officer also serves on the Company’s Board of Directors. MGM owned approximately 16.6 million and 16.6 million shares of the Company's outstanding Class A common stock as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

In April 2011, the Company entered into a joint marketing agreement with MGM (as amended, the “Marketing Agreement”) in exchange for assistance with marketing campaigns and the certain rights to utilize MGM’s licensed marks and licensed copyrights for the development of certain of the Company’s social casino games. The initial term of the Marketing Agreement was for one year from the go-live date of the first such game in July 2012, with automatic renewal provisions based on the games achieving specified performance criteria. As further described in Note 9— Intangible Assets and Internal-Use Software, Net, the Marketing Agreement was recorded as an indefinite-lived intangible asset.

NOTE 5—RECEIVABLES

Receivables consist of the following:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Trade receivables	$	31,883	$	25,020
Other receivables	1,470		1,996
Total receivables	$	33,353	$	27,016

Trade receivables generally represent amounts due to the Company from social and mobile platform operators, including Apple, Google, Amazon and Facebook. Trade receivables are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. No allowance for doubtful accounts was considered necessary as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Concentration of Credit Risk

As of March 31, 2023, Apple, Inc. and Google, Inc. accounted for 43.3% and 21.0% of the Company’s total receivables, respectively, while as of December 31, 2022, Apple, Inc. and Google, Inc. accounted for 33.6% and 27.2% of the Company’s total receivables, respectively. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any additional counterparties that exceeded 10% of the Company’s net accounts receivable.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company entered into agreements pursuant to which the Company acquired the rights to develop and operate Tetris®-branded mobile games. As contemplated in the agreements, the Company agreed to an $8.0 million Advance Payment (as defined in Note 17—Commitments and Contingencies). If the Company and the counterparty fail to perform according to the terms of the agreements, the maximum amount of loss which the Company may incur is approximately $7.1 million, of which $6.2 million related to the Advance Payment is reported within the Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets line item on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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NOTE 6—PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Prepaid expenses	$	4,995	5,148
Income tax receivable	612		1,372
Other current assets	6,631		8,443
Total other current assets	$	12,238	$	14,963

NOTE 7—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

The carrying values of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and accounts payable approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The following tables present the liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, by input level, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	March 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	2,772	—		—		2,772
Private Warrants	—		1,968		—		1,968
Total financial liabilities	$	2,772	$	1,968	$	—	$	4,740


	December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial liabilities:
Public Warrants	$	2,153	—		—		2,153
Private Warrants	—		1,529		—		1,529
Total financial liabilities	$	2,153	$	1,529	$	—	$	3,682

NOTE 8—PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consists of the following:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land and land improvements	$	1,421	1,382
Building and building improvements	3,705		3,705
Computer equipment	9,007		9,423
Leasehold improvements	11,035		10,204
Purchased software	3,483		4,471
Furniture and fixtures	3,516		3,553
Construction in progress	466		648
Total property and equipment	32,633		33,386
Less: accumulated depreciation	(15,288)		(15,854)
Total property and equipment, net	$	17,345	$	17,532

The aggregate depreciation expense for property and equipment, net is reflected in “Depreciation and amortization” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, depreciation expense was $1.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively. No impairment charges or material write-offs were recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

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Property and equipment, net by region consists of the following:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
United States	$	12,464	$	12,331
EMEA(1)	3,341		3,756
All other countries	1,540		1,445
Total property and equipment, net	$	17,345	$	17,532

(1)Europe, Middle East, and Africa (“EMEA”). Amounts primarily represent leasehold improvements of local office space and computer equipment.

NOTE 9—INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE, NET

Intangible Assets

The following table provides the gross carrying value and accumulated amortization for each major class of intangible asset other than goodwill:


	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable intangible assets:
Licenses	$	25,656	$	(10,434)	$	15,222	$	21,040	$	(7,962)	$	13,078
Acquired technology	15,003		(1,580)		13,423		15,003		(830)		14,173
Customer relationships	12,000		(1,200)		10,800		12,000		(600)		11,400
Trade names	2,740		(1,315)		1,425		2,740		(1,278)		1,462
Internal-use software	152,291		(115,343)		36,948		145,798		(109,680)		36,118
	207,690		(129,872)		77,818		196,581		(120,350)		76,231
Nonamortizable intangible assets:
Marketing Agreement with a related party	1,000		—		1,000		1,000		—		1,000
Total intangible assets	$	208,690	$	(129,872)	$	78,818	$	197,581	$	(120,350)	$	77,231

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company capitalized internal-use software development costs of $6.5 million and $6.6 million.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, intangible asset and internal-use software amortization was $9.5 million and $7.6 million, respectively. The aggregate amortization expense for amortizable intangible assets and internal-use software is reflected in “Depreciation and amortization” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

There were no impairment charges for intangible assets or internal-use software for the three months ended March 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company adopted a plan to suspend the further development of Kingdom Boss, resulting in a change in the useful life of the assets associated with Kingdom Boss. The Company recorded an $8.4 million non-cash impairment charge during the first quarter of 2022 within "Restructuring and related" in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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As of March 31, 2023, the estimated annual amortization expense is as follows:


Year Ending December 31,	Projected Amortization Expense
Remaining 2023	$	27,263
2024	27,514
2025	12,041
2026	6,167
2027	4,120
Thereafter	713
Total	$	77,818

NOTE 10—GOODWILL

Goodwill

The following table provides the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:


	Goodwill, Gross		Accumulated Impairment		Goodwill, Net



Balance as of December 31, 2022	47,133		—		47,133
Additions from acquisitions	—		—		—
Measurement period adjustments	—		—		—
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	47,133	$	—	$	47,133

NOTE 11—WARRANT LIABILITIES

Public Warrants and Private Warrants

Upon the closing of the Acies Merger, there were approximately 7.2 million publicly-traded redeemable warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock (the "Public Warrants") and 3.8 million redeemable warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock initially issued to Acies Acquisition, LLC (the "Sponsor") in a private placement (the "Private Warrants") by Acies. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one whole share of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 in cash per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, as of October 27, 2021. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, a holder of Public Warrants may exercise the Public Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Class A common stock. The Public Warrants will expire 5 years after the completion of the Acies Merger, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Private Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants, except that the Private Warrants and the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Private Warrants were not transferable until after the completion of the Acies Merger, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Warrants are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial holder or any of its permitted transferees. If the Private Warrants are held by someone other than the initial holder or its permitted transferees, the Private Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Private Warrants may be exercised on a cashless basis so long as held by the Sponsor or certain permitted transferees.

The Company may redeem the outstanding Public Warrants in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Public Warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption, if and only if the last sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20-trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the holders of the Public Warrants. If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a cashless basis. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the exercise of Public Warrants.

On April 1, 2022, the Company commenced (i) an offer to each holder of its outstanding Public Warrants and Private Warrants (collectively, the “Warrants”) the opportunity to receive $1.00 in cash, without interest, for each outstanding Warrant tendered by the holder pursuant to the offer (the “Offer to Purchase”), and (ii) the solicitation of consents (the “Consent Solicitation”) from holders of the outstanding Warrants to amend the Warrant Agreement, dated as of October 22,

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2020, by and between the Company (formerly Acies Acquisition Corp.) and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, which governs all of the Warrants (the “Warrant Amendment”) (collectively the "Tender Offer").

The Tender Offer expired midnight, Eastern Time, at the end of the day on May 13, 2022 (the “Expiration Date”), in accordance with its terms. Broadridge Corporate Issuer Solutions, Inc., the depositary for the Tender Offer, indicated that as of the Expiration Date, (i) 1,792,463 outstanding Public Warrants, or approximately 25% of the outstanding Public Warrants were validly tendered in and not withdrawn from the Offer to Purchase, and (ii) none of the outstanding Private Warrants were validly tendered in and not withdrawn from the Offer to Purchase. The Warrant Amendment was not approved.

The Company paid $1.8 million for all Public Warrants tendered by the holders pursuant to the Offer to Purchase and $1.1 million of fees, expenses, and other related amounts incurred in connection with the Tender Offer.

At March 31, 2023, there were approximately 5.4 million Public Warrants and 3.8 million Private Warrants outstanding. Refer to Note 7—Fair Value Measurements for further information.

NOTE 12—ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accrued liabilities consist of the following:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Accrued payroll and vacation	9,402		9,666
Accrued user acquisition	2,559		4,183
Income taxes payable	2,071		702
Accrued royalties	29		1,484
Minimum guarantee liability	4,320		1,500
Other accruals	4,560		3,938
Total accrued liabilities	$	22,941	$	21,473

NOTE 13—LEASES

The Company's operating leases primarily consist of real estate leases such as offices. During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, operating lease expense was $1.3 million. The Company does not have any finance leases. Total variable and short-term lease payments were immaterial for all periods presented.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases are as follows:


	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	14,395		$	15,562
Operating lease liabilities, current	4,506			4,571
Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent	10,574			11,660
Operating lease liabilities, total	$	15,080		$	16,231

Weighted average remaining lease term, years	3.8			4.0
Weighted average discount rate	3.3		%	3.3		%

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Operating lease liability maturities:


Year ending December 31,	Operating Leases
Remaining 2023	$	3,818
2024	4,760
2025	2,916
2026	2,542
2027	1,752
Thereafter	382
Total undiscounted cash flows	$	16,170
Less: imputed interest	$	(1,090)
Lease liabilities, total	$	15,080

As of March 31, 2023, the Company did not have material additional operating leases that have not yet commenced.

NOTE 14—LONG-TERM DEBT

Credit Agreement

On June 24, 2021, in connection with the closing of the Acies Merger, the Company terminated and replaced its previous credit facility. The Company, a subsidiary of the Company, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Silicon Valley Bank and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as joint bookrunners and joint lead arrangers entered into a credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) which provides for a five-year revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $75.0 million. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed by the Company, and are available for working capital, general corporate purposes and permitted acquisitions.

Commitment fees and interest rates are determined on the basis of either a Eurodollar rate or an Alternate Base Rate plus an applicable margin. The applicable margins are initially 2.50%, in the case of Eurodollar loans, and 1.50%, in the case of Alternate Base Rate loans. The applicable margin is subject to adjustment based upon the Company's Total Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Eurodollar rates and the Alternate Base Rate are subject to floors of 0.00% and 1.00%, respectively. The Credit Agreement contains various affirmative and negative financial and operational covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries.

The Credit Agreement includes customary reporting requirements, conditions precedent to borrowing and affirmative, negative and financial covenants. Specific financial covenants include the following, commencing with the quarter ended September 30, 2021:

•Total Net Leverage Ratio of 3.50:1.00 (subject to increase to 4.00:1.00 following consummation of certain material acquisitions)

•Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1.25:1.00.

On May 13, 2022, the Company entered into the Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement, which amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, exclude from the definition of Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio certain funds, up to $15.0 million, expended or to be expended by the Company in connection with the Tender Offer.

On August 9, 2022, the Company entered into the Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, which further amended the Credit Agreement (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to the Credit Agreement) to, among other things, (i) increase the total current available line of credit from $75.0 million to $81.0 million, (ii) change the basis for calculation of interest under the facility from LIBOR to SOFR, and (iii) exclude from the calculation of the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (A) up to $6.0 million for the acquisition of, and improvements to, the real property located at 10150 Covington Cross Drive, Las Vegas, Nevada 89144 incurred on or prior to the first anniversary of the effective date of Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, and (B) up to $20.0 million for the redemption or repurchase of up to 11.0 million warrants to purchase shares of Class A common stock of the Company, and shares of Class A common stock of the Company, on or before December 31, 2023, of which as of the date of Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement the Company had used $1.8 million to redeem outstanding warrants to purchase Class A common stock in connection with the Tender Offer.

The Company capitalized a total of $0.7 million in debt issuance costs related to the Credit Agreement and subsequent amendments. As of March 31, 2023, the Company does not have any balances outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

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NOTE 15—REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenue disaggregated by type, and by over time or point in time recognition:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Virtual currency (over time)(1)	$	64,385	$	65,935
Advertising (point in time)	13,085		4,075
Other revenue (point in time or over time)	2,653		441
Total net revenue	$	80,123	$	70,451

(1)Virtual currency is recognized over the estimated consumption period.

The following table summarizes the Company’s revenue disaggregated by geography:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
United States	$	69,557	$	62,103
All other countries	10,566		8,348
Total net revenue	$	80,123	$	70,451

Contract Balances

Contract assets represent the Company’s ability to bill customers for performance obligations completed under a contract. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no contract assets recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The deferred revenue balance related to the purchase of virtual currency was immaterial as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The opening and closing balance of trade receivables is further described in Note 5—Receivables.

NOTE 16—INCOME TAXES

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $0.3 million and $7.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Our effective tax rate was (11.3)% for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to (45.1)% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. The effective rate of (11.3)% differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to nondeductible stock compensation, the recognition of additional state tax liabilities due to an updated nexus study, the fair value adjustment to the warrant liability, and the effect of additional foreign taxes paid related to a settlement with the Israel Tax Authority.

NOTE 17—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Minimum Guarantee Liability

The following are the Company’s total minimum guaranteed obligations as of:


	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022

Minimum guarantee liability-current	$	4,320	$	1,500
Minimum guarantee liability-noncurrent	1,500		1,500
Total minimum guarantee obligations	$	5,820	$	3,000
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years)	1.8		2.0

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The following are the Company’s remaining expected future payments of minimum guarantee obligations as of March 31, 2023:


Year Ending December 31,	Minimum Guarantee Obligations
Remaining 2023	$	4,320
2024	1,500
2025	—
2026	—
2027	—
Total	$	5,820

N3TWORK, Inc.

On November 22, 2021, the Company entered into agreements with N3TWORK Inc. and The Tetris Company, LLC pursuant to which the Company acquired the rights to develop and operate Tetris®-branded mobile games for an initial term through August 2024. The Company paid N3TWORK Inc. $13.0 million at closing and agreed to pay up to an additional $34.0 million subject to satisfaction of certain conditions (the "Contingent Payments"). As of March 31, 2023, the Company advanced $8.0 million of the Contingent Payments (the "Advance Payment"). $1.8 million of the Advance Payment was considered earned as of March 31, 2023, which is included within "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Other

The Company is party to ordinary and routine litigation incidental to its business. On a case-by-case basis, the Company engages inside and outside counsel to assess the probability of potential liability resulting from such litigation. After making such assessments, the Company makes an accrual for the estimated loss only when the loss is reasonably probable and an amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company does not expect the outcome of any pending litigation to have a material effect on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

In May 2021, the Company became party to a litigation matter brought by TeamSava d.o.o. Beograd (“TeamSava”) and other related parties. The plaintiffs filed a Statement of Claim in May 2021 in Tel Aviv District Court in Israel, alleging claims, among other things, that the Company breached the terms of a commercial contract relating to services provided by TeamSava and related parties in connection with the sourcing and administrative management of personnel in Serbia who provided game development services exclusively for the Company. The pending litigation seeks damages of 27.3 million New Israeli Shekels ("NIS"). The Company believes that the claims are without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation. The Company’s range of possible loss could be up to 27.3 million NIS based on the claim amount of the litigation, but the Company is not able to reasonably estimate the probability or amount of loss and therefore has not made any accruals.

On April 6, 2022, a class action lawsuit was filed in the United States District Court, Northern District of California, by a purported Company shareholder in connection with alleged federal securities law violations: Christian A. Felipe et. al. v. PLAYSTUDIOS, Inc. (the “Felipe Complaint”). On July 15, 2022, the Felipe Complaint was transferred to the United States District Court for the District of Nevada, Southern Division. On October 4, 2022, the plaintiffs filed an amendment to the Felipe Complaint. The Felipe Complaint names the Company, several current and former board members of the Company, board members and officers of Acies Acquisition Corp., and Andrew Pascal, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, as defendants. The Felipe Complaint alleges misrepresentations and omissions regarding the state of the Company’s development of the Kingdom Boss game and its financial projections and future prospects in the S-4 Registration Statement filed by Acies that was declared effective on May 25, 2021, the Proxy Statement filed by Acies on May 25, 2021, and other public statements that touted Old PLAYSTUDIOS’ and the Company’s financial performance and operations, including statements made on earnings calls and the Amended S-1 Registration Statement filed by the Company that was declared effective on July 30, 2021. The Felipe Complaint alleges that the misrepresentations and omissions resulted in stock price drops of 13% on August 12, 2021, and 5% on February 25, 2022, following (i) the Company’s release of financial results for the second quarter of 2021, ended on June 30, 2021, and (ii) the filing of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and issuance of a press release summarizing financial results for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2021, respectively. The Felipe Complaint seeks an award of damages for an unspecified amount. The Company believes that the claims are without merit and the Company intends to vigorously defend against them; however,

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there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of this litigation. The Company is not able to reasonably estimate the probability or amount of loss and therefore has not made any accruals.

On February 28, 2023, the Company initiated an internal reorganization plan which is intended to enhance efficiency and reduce operating expenses. The reorganization plan includes a reduction of the Company’s current total global workforce by approximately 14 percent. The Company expects to substantially complete the personnel reduction by the end of the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, but the timing of certain reductions will vary based on job function and location, including local legal requirements.

The Company incurred $2.5 million of costs related to the internal reorganization plan and estimates that it will incur approximately $4.0 million in total charges in connection with the plan. These charges primarily relate to employee transition, severance payments, employee benefits, stock-based compensation, and lease termination costs which is included within "Restructuring and related" within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The estimates of the charges and expenditures that the Company expects to incur in connection with the reorganization plan, and the timing thereof, are subject to a number of assumptions, including local law requirements in various jurisdictions, and actual amounts may differ materially from estimates. In addition, the Company may incur other charges or cash expenditures not currently contemplated due to unanticipated events that may occur, including charges in connection with the implementation of the reorganization plan.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, changes in liabilities resulting from the severance charges and related accruals were as follows:


	Severance and Related
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	—
Charges	$	2,475
Payments	$	(620)
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	1,854

NOTE 18—STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

Subject to the prior rights of the holders of any preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends out of the funds legally available at the times and in the amounts determined by the Company's Board of Directors. Each holder of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote for each share of Class A common stock held and each holder of Class B common stock is entitled to twenty votes for each share of Class B common stock held. After the full preferential amounts due to preferred stockholders have been paid or set aside, the remaining assets of the Company available for distribution to its stockholders, if any, are distributed to the holders of common stock ratably in proportion to the number of shares of common stock then held by each such holder. None of the Company’s common stock is entitled to preemptive rights or subject to redemption. With the exception of the conversion of the Class B common stock into Class A common stock as described below, the Company’s common stock is not convertible into any other shares of the Company’s capital stock.

The shares of Class B common stock are subject to a “sunset” provision if any member of the Founder Group transfers shares of Class B common stock outside the Founder Group (except for certain permitted transfers). In the event of such non-permitted transfers, any share transferred will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock. In addition, the outstanding shares of Class B common stock will be subject to a “sunset” provision by which all outstanding shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock (i) if holders representing a majority of the Class B common stock vote to convert the Class B common stock into Class A common stock, (ii) if the Founder Group and its permitted transferees collectively no longer beneficially own at least 20% of the number of shares of Class B common stock collectively held by the Founder Group as of the closing of the Acies Merger, or (iii) on the nine-month anniversary of the Founder’s death or disability, unless such date is extended by a majority of independent directors of the Company.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables shows a summary of changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):


	Currency Translation Adjustment		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(151)	$	(151)
Foreign currency translation	57		57
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	(94)	$	(94)


	Currency Translation Adjustment		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	393	$	393
Foreign currency translation	(6)		(6)
Balance as of March 31, 2022	$	387	$	387

Stock Repurchase Program

On November 10, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing the Company to purchase up to $50.0 million of the Company’s Class A common stock over a period of 12 months. On November 2, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors extended such period for an additional 12 months until November 10, 2023. Subject to applicable rules and regulations, the shares may be purchased from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. Such purchases will be at times and in amounts as the Company deems appropriate, based on factors such as market conditions, legal requirements and other business considerations.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company has acquired 2.4 million shares of its Class A common stock under this program at an aggregate value of $10.0 million and an average of $4.13 per share. Repurchased shares were held in treasury. The remaining availability under the November 2022 $50.0 million stock repurchase program was $40.0 million as of March 31, 2023.

From April 1, 2023 through May 8, 2023, the Company acquired 1.3 million shares of its Class A common stock under this program at an aggregate value of $5.7 million and an average of $4.24 per share. Repurchased shares were held in treasury.

NOTE 19—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense for the periods shown:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Selling and marketing	$	184	$	319
General and administrative	2,458		3,149
Research and development	2,211		3,400
Stock-based compensation expense	$	4,853	$	6,868
Capitalized stock-based compensation	$	556	$	1,101

As of March 31, 2023, there was approximately $1.5 million and $45.2 million in unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and restricted stock units that are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average expected vesting period of 1.0 year and 2.9 years, respectively. The Company granted 2.8 million restricted stock units during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

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NOTE 20—NET LOSS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss attributable to Class A and Class B common stockholders per share (in thousands except per share data):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023				Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

	Class A		Class B			Class A		Class B
Numerator

Net loss attributable to common stockholders – basic	$	(2,250)	$	(320)		$	(21,992)	$	(3,220)
Potential dilutive effect of derivative instruments	—		—			—		—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders – diluted	$	(2,250)	$	(320)		$	(21,992)	$	(3,220)
Denominator
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic